Dr. Matthew Kotlove is an oncologist hematologist at St. Elizabeth Healthcare. He sees patients at the Edgewood Cancer Center and the Cancer Center–Dearborn.

Q: What are genitourinary – or GU – cancers?

A: Genitourinary cancers refer to cancers of the urinary system and the male reproductive organs. The most common types of genitourinary cancers I see are bladder cancer, prostate cancer, kidney cancer and testicular cancer.

Q: What symptoms do GU cancers typically cause?

A: Symptoms can vary significantly depending on the type of cancer and stage of disease. Some common symptoms can include:

  • Blood in urine (hematuria).
  • Changes in urinary habits, such as:
    • Difficulty urinating.
    • Urinary frequency.
    • Urinary urgency.
  • Fatigue.
  • Pelvic pain.
  • Testicular changes.
  • Unexplained weight loss.

It is important to remember that non-cancerous conditions can cause many of these symptoms. You should speak with your healthcare provider if you experience persistent or concerning symptoms. Early detection of cancer certainly improves outcomes.

Q: Are there screenings for GU cancers that you recommend?

A: You should work with your doctor to determine the screening selection and schedule that may be appropriate for you. This will be based on your personal risk factors, cancer type and other factors.

Here are details on screenings for some GU cancer types:

  • Bladder cancer. There are no routine screenings for bladder cancer. However, if you have certain risk factors – including smoking or occupational chemical exposure – your doctor may recommend that you undergo periodic screening tests.
  • Prostate cancer. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) blood test is the main screening method for prostate cancer.
  • Kidney and testicular cancer. Doctors do not recommend routine screening for kidney and testicular cancers for the general population.

If you have a family history of cancer or genetic syndrome, your doctor may recommend that you undergo more intensive screening and ongoing surveillance protocols.

Q: How do specialists diagnose GU cancers?

A: Testing depends on the type of GU cancer a doctor suspects a patient may have. We use a variety of methods to diagnose GU cancers, including imaging, laboratory testing (blood and urine analysis) and biopsy (small tissue sample). We then use the results to determine the stage of the disease and develop an appropriate plan of treatment. 

Q: How do specialists treat GU cancers?

A: The oncologist (cancer doctor) works with a multidisciplinary team of healthcare professionals to create a personalized care plan for each patient. Treatment options vary depending on the specific type of cancer, stage, the patient’s overall health, and preferences.

GU cancer treatment typically involves some combination of the following: 

  • Surgery. This involves the removal of cancerous tissue, which may be a partial or total removal of the organ affected by cancer.
  • Radiation therapy. This treatment uses beams of intense energy – such as X-rays – to kill cancer cells.
  • Chemotherapy. During this treatment, the patient receives drugs (either by mouth or through an intravenous line) to kill cancer cells.
  • Immunotherapy. This treatment boosts the body’s immune system to help it recognize and fight cancer.
  • Targeted therapy. These are drugs that target specific molecules within cancer cells that help them grow and survive. The drugs work to destroy those molecules.
  • Hormone therapy. Commonly used in prostate cancer, this treatment reduces hormones (such as testosterone) that fuel the growth of cancer cells.

Q: What is the long-term prognosis for people undergoing GU cancer treatment?

A: Prognosis for those with GU cancers following treatment depends on many different factors, including type and stage of cancer, therapy effectiveness and an individual’s general health.

Patients with early-stage GU cancer who have completed treatment often achieve a cure and have a good outlook. In that situation, it is important to undergo regular surveillance appointments with healthcare providers. Individuals with advanced disease, however, have treatment aimed at prolonging survival and improving quality of life.

Q: What are some of the latest innovations in oncology care that St. Elizabeth Healthcare offers?

A: Researchers in oncology have made remarkable progress over the past several years. We are utilizing new types of treatments, including immunotherapy and targeted therapy, with remarkable success. For example, a new treatment regimen using novel agents (enfortumumab and pembrolizumab) has doubled how long people with metastatic bladder cancer survived compared with standard chemotherapy.

What’s more, advances in genomic sequencing technologies have allowed us to tailor personalized treatment plans based on the specific genetic makeup of a tumor. Lastly, the development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) or machine learning can potentially transform oncology practice through several key applications. Precision Medicine and Genetics | KY, IN & OH |St. Elizabeth Healthcare (stelizabeth.com)

Q: How will the new Cancer Center–Dearborn improve community access to cancer care?

A: The Cancer Center–Dearborn  opened its doors  to patients on April 29, 2024. The opening of the Cancer Center marks a new era for patients in southeastern Indiana. We are bringing first-class oncology care closer to home, making each cancer journey a little easier for patients and their families. 

Our new site will offer comprehensive services, including: 

  • Advanced Technologies in Radiation Oncology. With a new linear accelerator, six exam rooms, and a CT simulator, we’re equipped to tackle a diverse spectrum of cancers, including breast, lung, prostate, and colon cancers. Precision meets compassion as these advanced technologies merge seamlessly with infusion services, developing personalized treatment paths for every patient.
  • Multidisciplinary Oncology Teams. At our Cancer Center, expertise knows no bounds. Our multidisciplinary oncology teams, comprising medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, oncology surgeons, and more, work in unison to offer unparalleled care. With nurse navigation services, clinical research, and survivorship support seamlessly integrated, we’re not just treating cancer; we’re fostering hope, healing, and holistic well-being.
  • Access to Cutting-Edge Clinical Trials. Get ready to embark on a journey of hope as our new Cancer Center opens doors to cutting-edge clinical trials. Sponsored by the National Cancer Institute and members of the NCI National Clinical Trials Network (NCTN), cutting-edge clinical trials pave the way for groundbreaking treatments and therapies, offering new opportunities for patients and their families.
  • Comprehensive Breast Cancer Services. With expanded space and soothing aesthetics, we’re committed to enhancing the patient experience. These new upgrades feature cutting-edge screening, like tomosynthesis/3D mammography, to on-site radiologists offering immediate feedback for all diagnostic imaging. Every detail is meticulously crafted to ensure comfort and convenience for our patients.
  • Personalized Paths with Precision Medicine. From comprehensive genetic counseling to pharmacogenomics and cancer prevention clinics, we’re dedicated to creating unique plans for every patient. Backed by a team of multidisciplinary oncology experts, including licensed genetic counselors and specialized nurse navigators, we’re redefining the landscape of cancer care, one personalized treatment plan at a time.
  • Support Beyond Treatment. Join our community of empowerment at the new Cancer Center. With nurse navigation services, educational support, and care coordination at your fingertips, we’re here to guide you through every step of your journey. Whether it’s navigating diagnostic imaging or accessing integrative oncology services, we’re committed to empowering patients to thrive beyond.

In ongoing exciting news for the Indiana community, St. Elizabeth Healthcare also recently announced plans to build a new hospital adjacent to the new cancer center. This will further add to the comprehensive medical services available, improving access to world-class health care

Q: How do patients seek care at the Cancer Center–Dearborn?

A: Typically, individuals are referred by their primary care providers or other specialists when they diagnose or suspect cancer or a hematologic (blood) disorder. Other times, we may initially see patients while hospitalized or as part of a second opinion.

If you have any questions or concerns, I would encourage you to call our clinic at (859) 301-4000.  

Learn more about cancer care at St. Elizabeth Healthcare, including at the new Cancer Center–Dearborn.